24 February 2026

Participatory democracy? If the Swiss can do it, so can we

| By Peter Strong
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Legislative Assembly building

If there were people’s councils at the Legislative Assembly, would you be tempted to join? Photo: Michelle Kroll.

A people’s assembly in the ACT? People’s juries for important questions? Citizen referenda to give citizens the ability to force discussion?

Let’s do it.

For most people politics feels out of touch, out of reach, muddy and indifferent. Many people have concluded that the system is broken.

In my opinion, it isn’t broken but it’s heading that way.

If Australians want a political system that is more transparent, more competent and more representative, the path forward is not simply to demand better behaviour from politicians. It is to rebuild public participation that makes good governance possible in the first place.

Democratic participation shouldn’t happen just on voting day, while the space between elections is filled with professional political players, lobbyists and those with the time and incentive to control the conversation.

Participatory democracy is often dismissed as idealistic or naïve. Yet it is neither new nor just a theory. Countries such as Switzerland and various states in the USA have long demonstrated that structured citizen participation can produce stable, pragmatic outcomes.

Citizens’ assemblies, referenda and local consultation processes provide a constant feedback loop between government and community.

READ ALSO The hollow – and hollowed out – political parties

Closer to home, similar ideas are gaining traction – often driven not by governments but by the emergence of independent politicians and by committed citizens who refuse to abandon the democratic process.

I have seen this work firsthand with genuine community independents. Well supported and unmanufactured independents such as Fiona Carrick MLA show what can be done. Claire Miles (the independent candidate for the seat of Canberra) showed that true independents are supported by people when, at the last election, she achieved 11 per cent of the vote coming from a low base and without a big network – which she has now as she prepares for the next federal election.

Equally important are non-partisan civic organisations that continue to push for deeper engagement despite years of indifference or ridicule. The Canberra Alliance for Participatory Democracy, for example, has consistently advocated for citizens’ assemblies and juries as practical mechanisms for involving ordinary Australians in complex policy questions.

These approaches are not about replacing representative democracy but strengthening it.

Citizens’ assemblies, when properly designed, bring together randomly selected members of the community who also reflect the demographic diversity of the population.

Given access to expert evidence and time for deliberation, these groups often produce recommendations that are more measured, less ideological and more forward-looking than those generated through adversarial political processes.

Participation also rebuilds civic capability. It reminds people that politics is not the exclusive domain of parties. It creates pathways for new voices, new talent and new leadership to emerge outside those party structures.

This matters because the alternative is a continued drift toward disengagement, cynicism and division.

Participation can mean attending forums, engaging in structured consultation processes, supporting community-based candidates or simply insisting that decision-making be more transparent and inclusive.

The change is important – politics is not something done to us. It is something done by us.

READ ALSO Good luck Angus, Australia needs a strong Liberal Party

The organisations and individuals already doing this work, often with limited resources and little recognition, are effectively keeping parts of the democratic infrastructure alive. Their persistence demonstrates that renewal is possible.

Rebuilding trust can’t happen quickly. It needs sustained effort, cultural change and a willingness from both citizens and institutions to share responsibility.

The alternative is a continued hollowing out with fewer participants, less scrutiny and increasing distance between decision-makers and the communities they serve.

In the ACT I believe the Greens are up for it and, believe it or not, I think the Libs will embrace it. Perhaps the far-right ideologues of the Libs will reject it as fantasy (also they know most Canberrans don’t support their extreme views) but the majority of party members should be open-minded enough to see the benefits – like, for example, they might win an election when people feel there is a governor on their extremes.

Labor? The health unions would love it as they know the people want better health support. It would be rejected by the CFMEU* which is allergic to scrutiny and rejected by the TWU which would be afraid its members would be inconvenienced by the needs of travellers.

So in my opinion, ACT Labor would reject the concept as unnecessary.

Yet it is obvious to me that people do want to participate in civic life. Examples include those countless people involved with the various community councils, residents groups, charities and sports clubs in the ACT.

I reckon many would also like to participate in political decision-making – just like the old days.

*Editor’s note: The Labor Party officially stopped affiliating with the CFMEU in 2024.

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Capital Retro11:51 am 24 Feb 26

Here are a couple of initiatives from Swiss direct democracy:

Limiting Immigration (2014): Voters approved an initiative to impose quotas on immigrants from the EU.

Anti-Minaret Ban (2009): Citizens voted to ban the construction of new minarets.

That sort of stuff would have approval problems in Australia as would the compulsory military service for Swiss citizens..

Zaphod Beetlebrox10:02 am 24 Feb 26

Democracy is way to balance the desire to change and the desire to preserve.

Peter Strong makes a great point about how fed up we are with party politics in the ACT, but we shouldn’t confuse electing independents with actual participatory democracy.

The Independent Illusion

Getting grassroots independents into the Assembly is a fantastic win, but it is still representative democracy. We are basically just swapping personnel and hoping they make better choices.

The Swiss Reality

The Swiss system is a different ballgame built on institutionalised direct democracy. Through popular initiatives and optional referendums, citizens hold the ultimate legislative veto. It is about the public holding the reins between elections.

The Good

If we use Switzerland as a blueprint, we have to look at the reality. It forces a massively consensus-driven culture because almost any law can be dragged to the ballot box. Politicians must consult widely and draft compromise-heavy legislation, creating incredible stability.

The Catch

But it is not a utopia. Direct democracy is painfully slow and can bypass human rights checks, leaving minorities vulnerable. Plus, constant voting causes voter fatigue, allowing well-funded, single-issue groups to hijack outcomes.

To build a truly participatory framework here, we need solid structural safeguards that protect against special interests.

I’ve been so happy to be able to attend a number of Independent MLA Thomas Emerson’s community-oriented events, and I’ve seen first-hand how the issues raised by Kurrajong residents are then taken up as serious actions in the Assembly. Go Tom and Fiona!

Malcolm Bourke10:27 am 24 Feb 26

Maybe Tom could respond to his emails then!

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